Nagant M1895 - Wikipedia Twitter and other social media icons below. Manufactured from 1927-40, the M27 was the first fully-functional customized model of the M91 used by the Finnish Army. Plus, the 20-inch barrel is quite a good length for both accuracy and maneuverability. Soon, other countries took notice as well. Simultaneous to the rifle development, the Russians pioneered a small-bore, smokeless cartridge, the 7.62x54R (R for Rimmed, not Russian). Its history in the hands of legendary snipers like Simo Hyh (credited with over 500 kills), delivered a wave of post-war replicas that flooded the market. This is the original design submitted by Capt. Wed all have gun safes full of these rifles. It continued in production until 1948. The hex receivers were replaced by round ones in 1935-36. The Tula and Izhevsk arsenals manufactured it from 1939-45. Forums featuring everything Mosin Nagant and all military firearms discussion boards. The 5-round fixed metallic magazine can either be loaded by inserting the cartridges individually, or more often in military service, by the use of 5-round stripper clips. Since the ammunition is exceptionally cheap, it can be used for plinking and practice. An undeniable advantage on the Russian Steppes. The lands were the primary invasion route of Asiatic hordes moving west since the dawn of recorded history. Manufactured through a joint collaborative design by Capt. However, much more detailed and full research, which covers all M91/30 and M38/M44 production periods, exists, but it has not been published yet. 10000, Stepped barrel production est. Stopping them in their tracks. The colloquial name Mosin-Nagant used in the West is persistent but erroneous, as established in In its later years the rifle replaced all other variants of the Mosin-Nagant rifle. With changes still being hastily adopted, the first M28/30s came off the assembly line in April of 1934. However, some users do complain about the cumbersome safety of the weapon. One such detail is the attachment of the magazine spring to the magazine base plate. Production continued throughout the Winter and Continuation wars along side other models like the M91 which were retained due to the limited numbers of M39's that could be produced under the pressures of war. Notably, Russia has issued the rifle to conscripts from both occupied regions of the Donbas, and to conscripted Russian civilians as part of Vladimir Putin's wider general mobilization during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. It was clear from the start, even with foreign models present, the Russians wanted a domestic design. This gun is over 90 years old, and still shoots quite accurately. For detailed information on the production years of variations of the round receiver on M91/30s, M38s, and M44s, please see the Mosin Nagant Rifle Receiver Variations page. Triangular shaped markings, some with an arrow inside, on many components of the rifle. Here youll learn how to differentiate one model from another. In USSR surplus military carbines (without bayonet) were sold as civilian hunting weapons. [19] Spanish Civil War Mosins can be readily identified by the wire sling hangers inserted in the slots in the forearm and buttstock meant to take the Russian "dog collars" for Russian-style slings, so the rifles could accept Western Europeanstyle rifle slings. Both with the rifle and its domestic scope. Several Mosin variants were quickly put into production, including the standard Infantry, Dragoon, and Cossack model. It used the same cartridge and action as other Mosins, but the barrel was shortened by 21.6cm (8.5in) to bring the weapon down to an overall length of 101.6cm (40.0in), with the forearm shortened in proportion. The wartime Mosins are easily identified by the presence of tool marks and rough finishing that never would have passed the inspectors in peacetime. The M39 is arguably the best Mosin Nagant ever devised for combat conditions. A Mosin for modern warfare? In 1916, the Russian government ordered approximately 3.3 million M1891 Mosin Nagant rifles from Remington Arms and New England Westinghouse in the United States. Let your fellow shooters know share this article using the Facebook, The Cossack rifles were the same as Dragoon rifles. ], Tsypkin G. V. Ethiopia in the anti-colonial wars. The rest remained in the US or were sold, lent, or leased out as surplus after the war. The Imperial Russians had issues in rolling with changes in the political and military landscapes. In 1889 Tsar Alexander III ordered the Russian army to meet or exceed European standards in rifle developments with "rifles of reduced caliber and cartridges with smokeless powder. The M44 is mostly used as a hunting weapon because of its sheer power, accuracy, and relatively cheap ammunition. These mods included an attached spring-loaded follower and an interrupter to prevent double feeding. More than 37 million Mosin Nagant rifles exist today. By the time the war broke out in 1904, approximately 3.8 million had been built,[15] with over 1.5 million in the hands of the Russian cavalry and all of its reserves when hostilities commenced.[13][16]. Another explanation is perhaps the supplies of the most mass-produced bolt action service rifle in history are finally drying up. 1935 to 1945. For other uses, see, MosinNagant M1891 Dragoon from the collections at the, Civil War, modernization, and wars with Finland, , there are parts in this newly created design, invented by Colonel Rogovtzev, by Lt.-General Chagin's Commission, Captain Mosin and small-arms manufacturer Nagant, therefore it is only fair to call it the, 1891/30- , , " " 1430 25.11.2003 [Order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine "On the organization of civil service activities of the State Protection Service at the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine" No. A scandal was about to burst out, with Nagant threatening he would not participate in trials held in Russia ever again and some officials proposing to expel Nagant from any further trials, as he borrowed the design of the interrupter after it was covered by the secrecy status given in Russia of that time to military inventions and therefore violated Russian law. [8] Until 1918 it was produced in two versions: a double-action version for officers, and a cheaper single-action version for the lower ranks. The Finns also manufactured two-piece "finger splice" stocks for their MosinNagant rifles.[18]. The M28-30 (1934-40) is an advanced version of the M28. Finland was a Grand Duchy in the Russian Empire until 1917, so Finns had long used the MosinNagant in service with the Tsarist military. It has an original receiver and has been upgraded to meet modern standards of a good sniper rifle. Included in many popular movies and video games, the Mosin Nagant rifle is a Russian military rifle that saw very widespread use during World War I and World War II. The Dragoon version was modified in 1930 to create the new M91/30 model of the Mosin Nagant. Many of these with reproduction Soviet scopes and turned down bolt 91/30s fetching prices inconceivable a few years ago. The deadliest sniper of all time, Simo Hayha, used a M28-30 rifle (S.no: 60974). Manufactured through a joint collaborative design by Capt. The largest military use of this gun outside the Russian Army came with the Finnish Army. While the Russians adopted single-shot Berdan rifles to replace muzzleloaders, they clearly needed if they hoped to match firepower in any future conflict. [49], As of 2023[update], bolt on mounts make it possible to fit a modern proprietary[50] or Picatinny/Weaver rail compatible scope to the rifle without the need to drill or tap the weapon. The M38 version was adopted in 1938 by the Russian army. This model saw just under 300,000 produced. Thus, affecting the handiness of the carbine. While the 1878 conflict liberated Bulgaria from the Ottomans, it still left access out of the Black Sea blocked. The following information is a good place to start before you head out to the gun shop or gun show. The weapon were looking at here is no exception. Plus, the price of the rifle offers the best value, considering it is a historic and legendary rifle. The result was pockets of industry and modern conveniences in vast stretches of seemingly medieval culture. Apart from the above-mentioned models, the Finns experimented with some other variations of the rifle as well. You may also visit the SCW Mosin-Nagant Database page at the Gunboards.com forum. Rifles in 6.554mmR use a necked-down 7.6254mmR cartridge and were the standard rifle of the USSR's Olympic biathlon team until the International Olympic Committee revised the rules of the event to reduce the range to 50 meters and required all competitors to use rifles chambered in .22LR. The Finnish army began using the guns left behind by their Russian occupiers as their primary combat rifle after the Winter War of 1939-40. This effort led to the development of the Model 91/30 rifle, which was based on the design of the original dragoon version. For example Dragoon, 91/30, M38, M48, etc. Karl-Heinz Wrobel, author of Drei Linien, Die Gewehre Mosin-Nagant; The Mosin-Nagant Rifle These rifles were manufactured from 1959 to an unknown date. The commission initially voted 14 to 10 to approve Mosin's rifle. This was to be Russias first, small-bore, smokeless powder firearm. It was approximately 2 shorter in the barrel than the old Infantry model. The rifle has matching serial numbers which are a testament to its authenticity. - Free Online Library", "Current MosinNagant rifles being produced", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MosinNagant&oldid=1152623683, 500 metres (550yd), 800+ m (875+ yards) with optics, Rear: ladder, graduated from 100 m to 2,000 m (M91/30) and from 100 m to 1,000 m (M38 and M44); Front: hooded fixed post (drift adjustable) PU 3.5 and PEM scope also mounted. The Mosin-Nagant rifle was produced in several variants, including a rifle, Dragoon (cavalry) rifle, carbine, and a sniper model equipped with a turned-down bolt handle and telescopic sights. The Mosin fell at a great price point for them. The commission held a runoff trial and accepted Mosins improved rifle. opinion is more likely to be accurate. Many can recall an old-timer waxing poetic about Krags and Garands selling for comparative pennies in a barrel at the Army-Navy store. They were sent to fight the Bolsheviks at places like Vladivostok and Murmansk. Interchangeable bolt heads, like the Lee-Enfield sensible as both use rimmed rounds. The Dragoon variant was adopted with a few modern alterations. Designed to meet or exceed contemporary cartridges. Yeah it does not make sence it shows just under a million 41 Tula's and that Izhevsk actually made just shy of 900,000.. Those numbers make no sence because we all know how hard it is to find a 41 Tula. The markings can be seen on the rifle. In Mosin's original design the spring was not attached to the base plate and, according to the Commission, could be lost during maintenance, rifle cleaning. Model M44 Mosin Nagant Carbine - Russian Mosin Nagant Information Meanwhile, Carcanos and Arisakas were the pass overs of snooty collectors a decade or two ago. With the fall of the Iron Curtain, a large quantity of MosinNagants have found their way onto markets outside of Russia as collectibles and hunting rifles. Militaries used the Mosin in over a dozen wars and major conflicts since 1891. A bore light or bore-scope can come in really handy during this process, but the naked eye is generally fine. This piece is ideal for hunting and practice. The rifle measures 48.5, weighs 4 kg and fires a 7.62 x 54mm round (variable for different models). This is especially true for Mosin Nagants. Due to the desperate shortage of arms and the shortcomings of a still-developing domestic industry, the Russian government ordered 1.5 million M1891 infantry rifles from Remington Arms and another 1.8 million from New England Westinghouse Company in the United States in 1915. Chambered in 7.62x54R, the Mosin Nagant is a powerful and reliable centerfire rifle that has emerged on the secondary market as an affordable piece of military surplus to add to any rifle collection. - Ted, aka 7.62x54r, Izhevsk production may have ended prior to 1926, All NEW M91s are dated 1915, regardless of year of actual Various weapons were acquired and tested by GAU of the Ministry of Defense of Russian Empire, and in 1889 the Lebel M1886 was obtained through semi-official channels from France. Her industry had not yet caught up to the other major powers competing in the first modern arms race. The movement away from single-shot rifles also began after the fact for the many rank and file who faced off against modern repeaters. Some details will be provided under the main table. century looming, all the great powers were holding arms tests. by Terence Lapin; Rifles of the White Death by Doug Bowser; Joe Lieper; and my personal A hooded post front sight, replacing the blade on previous weapons. Similarities among rifle designs of this era are inescapable. This rifle was 51 inches long and was manufactured from 1893 1925. The Finns had captured Russian ordinances and huge ammo dumps with a lot of these firearms. These were frequent affairs in which civilized powers went against the natives with less modern arms. [22] When war with Germany broke out, the need to produce MosinNagants in vast quantities led to a further simplification of machining and a falling-off in finish of the rifles. The vast lands of the Tsars stretch over 1/6th the worlds landmass encompassing dozens of cultures. Nicole Krenze, *Competitive Shooter of the Week* The Winter War had started in 1939, one year prior to production. The table below covers only production at two main factories, but there were other factories, that issued complete rifles and parts for them. With the dawn of the 20th century looming, all the great powers were holding arms tests. No matter whats wrong with it, if it still works, it aint broke! Proof of these adages is offered up in the trusty 1891 Mosin Nagant Rifle. The most modern version of the Mosin is the 7.62 Tkiv 85 Sniper rifle. Mosin-Nagant Type 53 Bolt-Action Rifle - NRA Museum Its safe to say they succeeded. History of the Mosin Nagant Rifle - Wideners Shooting, Hunting & Gun Blog This left social and economic contradictions that the central government only treated with centuries-old autocracy: trading space for time. This model was manufactured from 1943-48 at Izhevsk and only in 1944 at the Tula arsenal. This allowed infantrymen to engage targets accurately at increased ranges. To make matters worse, before the Great War broke out, Russia was already in a vulnerable position. It belongs to the Podolsk Mechanical factory, which tried to start M91/30 production in the early 1930's. The bayonet was the only actual upgrade to the M38 that distinguishes the M44 model. Regional and colonial disruptions, such as in India, Africa and even in the US, proved otherwise. Winchester manufactured the rifle with minimal retooling. Plus, the bayonet does have some benefits. Since the ammo is very cheap, and the gun is accurate, one can use it to sharpen their shooting skills. It was an improvement on the Model 91/30, particularly for urban warfare; but few M44s saw combat on the Eastern Front. They first adopted the SKS, then the Kalashnikov series. rifle was assembled post war, Not dated, but small 2 digit date (27, 28, or 29) in a diamond With Remington and Westinghouse on the precipice of bankruptcy from the Communists' decision, the remaining 280,000 rifles were purchased by the United States Army. In 1889, three rifles were submitted for evaluation: Captain Sergei Ivanovich Mosin of the imperial army submitted his "3-line" caliber (.30 cal, 7.62 mm) rifle; Belgian designer Lon Nagant submitted a "3.5-line" (.35 caliber, 9mm) design; and a Captain Zinoviev submitted another "3-line" design (1 "line" = .mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}110in or 2.54mm, thus 3 lines = 7.62mm). The Finnish receivers are recognized by the SA in a block stamp or the S within a cogged wheel. In 1924, following the victory of the Red Army, a committee was established to modernize the rifle, which had by then been in service for over three decades. Using Russian leftovers, as well as receivers made locally by SAKO and imported from western Europe (Germany, Austria, and Switzerland). By saying "Izhevsk", we should understand that rifles or carbines were made by: 1932 and earlier (Soviet period) - Factory #10 of the Supreme Soviet of the National Economy; 1932 and earlier (Soviet period) - Factory #1 of the Supreme Soviet of the National Economy; 1942-1944 - Factory #536 of the People's Commissariat of Armament, newly created factory in Tula; More experienced collectors know that 1941 "Tula" 91/30 rifles exist, and that production in Tula in 1941 is not mentioned above orbelow. The Russians re-evaluated their rifle in terms of field use as well as industrial simplicity. The M1891 clearly combined features, either by happenstance or discrete design, with its international competitors. These words describe Russian weather and Russian weapons. These words describe Russian weather and Russian weapons. It ultimately delivered performances comparable to the yet-to-be-released .30-06 Springfield. The Mosin-Nagant was updated in 1930, producing the Model 91/30 rifle that became the standard issue rifle of the Soviet military in World War II, the largest mobilized army in world history. After the Estonian War of Independence, Estonia had around 120,000 M/1891s in stock, later the Kaitseliit, the Estonian national guard, received some Finnish M28/30 rifles, a few modernised variants were also made by the Estonian Armory; Most Finnish Rifles were assembled by SAKO, Tikkakoski Oy, or VKT (Valtion Kivritehdas, State Rifle Factory, after the wars part of Valtion Metallitehtaat (Valmet), State Metalworks). The Mosin Nagant was primarily manufactured and used by the Russian Army. The Three Line Rifle, Model of 1891 (bore diameter, a 'line' equaling one tenth of an inch) is the official name. These guns are prominently used by the Soviet-bloc countries, which gained weapons and warfare technology from Russia. The Russians attempts to seize Istanbul (Tsarsograd) were stymied, in part, by superior firepower from the Turks. But if you plan on buying a Mosin Nagant today, youll have to consider factors such as the condition of the rifle, sights, and the type of ammo you are using. Between the world wars, the M1891 saw evolution elsewhere as well. Also, w. atching regional conflicts to observe how new equipment and old tactics fared in the field. They were not recorded in production numbers as complete rifles, and were sent to repair depotswhere they were used as needed to repair damaged rifles. Mostly Original Parts Made from Solid Wood. The M39 was adopted to standardize Mosin Nagant rifle production. If you dont have one in your gun safe yet, you should strongly consider it. EN. In assembling M39 rifles, Finnish armorers re-used "hex" receivers that dated back as far as 1891. To increase production rates, this was swapped out in favor of a round receiver. A cylindrical receiver, replacing the octagonal receiver (commonly called "hex", but actually having five octagonal top flats and a round bottom rather than three octagonal bottom flats. The M28 is an upgraded version of the M27 model. In use, it feels more like 2-3 lbs. When direct German imports dried up, The key to success for the sniper variant was its simplicity and characteristic Russian ruggedness. The features loved by most buyers is its accuracy, cheap ammunition, aesthetics, price, and its contribution to history. Soviet manufacturing focused on the mass production of already proven firearms. rifle was assembled post war and cut down from Tikka M91s (thanks Tuco). The barrels of these rifles were manufactured by SIG, SAKO and Tikkakoski. Also, details about markings used by main factories are described in. For example, Simo Hyh is credited with having killed 505 Soviet soldiers, many of whom fell victim to his Finnish M/28-30 MosinNagant rifle. As always with war and peace, it was a short-lived endeavor. concurrently with Dragoons from 1927 to 1929, Izhevsk made M91/30 PU snipers in 1947 and a handful of 1946 ? Remington got an order for 1.5 million rifles and Westinghouse was set to make the other 1.8 million. This number dropped in the year 1899 to 600 rifles per day. A Mosin crate for today's collector. He admittedly had meager resources, though his design had merits. At that wars conclusion, the Russians realized their single-shot rifles needed to be replaced. Planning to hit targets beyond 100 yards with your surplus rifle? Even if you have done it before, a refresher course on a few important things to keep an eye out for is always helpful. Mosin Nagant M91 Production Numberes M91 Production Numbers (1892 - 1913) Tula Izhevsk Sestroretsk Chatellerault 1892 ? But a few countries still use it for their military, like Iran, Iraq, Egypt, Afghanistan, and Finland. The rifle was used in the short civil war there and adopted as the service rifle of the new republic's army. A great find for those looking for a reliable rifle that has a history of dependable knockdown performance. The Finns continue to use an M28/76 for formal competitions. The years of production in the chart are from several different sources. [14], The Russo-Japanese War (19041905) was the rifle's first major conflict. Nevertheless, the M1891 rifles continued to be employed all over the Eastern Bloc. The toughness of the M91/30 Mosin Nagant rifle on the battlefield gave much-needed morale to the Russian troops. Largely thanks to the designs of Otto von Bismarck of the newly created German Empire (Second Reich). They adopted it as the basis of their own rifles (M91, M27, M28, M28/30, and the more commonly found M39). M1891 rifles were still under $80, but ten years ago. MosinNagants have been exported from Finland since the 1960s as its military modernized and decommissioned the rifles. Re: Annual Production chart for 91/30s. Courtesy of the humiliation of the Russo-Japanese War and fall out from the Bosnian Crisis of 1908. [10] Remington produced 750,000 rifles before production was halted by the 1917 October Revolution. Up to 1939 it managed to produce only spare replacement parts. Dont expect it to be silky smooth or have a light trigger pull. It can also be used as a truck gun or a home defense weapon. [9] In 1943, they forced them back at Operation Zitadelle. Several versions of the rifle were introduced during the war, including the PU sniper version with a fixed 3.5-power scope, the "round" receiver version . [11][clarification needed] The rifle is 40 inches long a full 8 inches less than its predecessor. The result was pockets of industry and modern conveniences in vast stretches of seemingly medieval culture. As a result, the rifle was used on both sides of the Winter War and the Continuation War during World War II. Fair enough. If you dont have one in your gun safe yet, you should strongly consider it. This is also a good time to mention that no Mosin Nagant is going to be a tack driver. This treaty also freed the Bolsheviks from World War I. Production numbers for the M44 are estimated as: Izhevsk 1943: 50,000 1944: 3,620,000 1945: 3,472,245 1946: 189,027 1947: 120,061 1948: 160,498 Tula 1944: 100,000 With the possible exception of the Crimean War, there had been no major long war since the Age of Napoleon. It is an absolutely perfect rifle for casual shooters and militaria collectors. In total the M28/30 Rifle was produced from 1933 until 1940. We may earn commission from purchases made from our links, at no additional cost to you. In addition, in 1938 a carbine version of the MosinNagant, the M38, was issued. The barrels were manufactured in two different versions, straight and stepped (all Bohler-Stahl barrels were stepped). When the German Army threw up a dedicated defense, it threw back the Russians. This meant continuing a centuries-old animosity with the Turks. Further, a relative dtente had settled over Europe by 1871. This made it easier to handle on horseback. These interesting cases are worth covering in a separate article, but this will be done later. Also, watching regional conflicts to observe how new equipment and old tactics fared in the field. Also adopted was the 7.62mm Russian rimmed cartridge, for which the Model 91 was chambered. What a lot of people dont realize is how many different models of Mosin Nagant rifles there are. In 1938, the Russians introduced a carbine variant. Such was the case in the Russo-Ottoman War 1877-78. Mosin Nagant Price Trends - Rock Island Auction The "hex" receiver was changed to a round receiver. : Nauka, 1988. - ISBN 5-02-016406-2, Manufacture Nationale d'Armes de Chtellerault, SIG (Schweizerische Industrie Gesellschaft), People's Movement for the Liberation of Azawad, "The Rifles of the Eight Nation Alliance", "Men And Guns Of The 1900 China Relief Expedition", "A Brief Overview of the Mosin Nagant Rifle", "Simo Hyh, "White Death", Sniped Over 542 Soviet Soldiers In WWII", "Conscripts sent to fight by pro-Russia Donbas get little training, old rifles, poor supplies", "Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, March 21", "The Finnish Civil Guards rifle-model of 1924", "The Finnish Issue of the Mosin Nagant Model 91/30 (1891/1930) Rifle", "The Finnish Mosin Nagant Model 28/76 Marksmanship Rifle", "How to Install a Scope on a 1891/30 Mosin Nagant by Removing Rear Sight for 52 Dollars", "Mosin Nagant 91/30 Scope Mount Picatinny Weaver Rail", "Howling Raven Mosin Nagant Muzzle Brake Review", "The Chinese Type 53 Mosin Nagant Carbine", "Dangerous Supply: Small Arms and Conflict in the Republic of Georgia", "The Albanian Sniper Squad in Syria and their Weapons", "Surveying the Battlefield: Illicit Arms In Afghanistan, Iraq, and Somalia", "The Estonian Use Of The Mosin Nagant Line Of Rifles/Carbines", "Ethiopian military rifle cartridges: Part 2: from Mauser to Kalashnikov", "The military rifle cartridges of Guatemala", "The military rifle cartridges of Honduras from Cortez to zelaya. Winston Churchill supposedly said that Russia is a riddle wrapped in a mystery inside an enigma.. At that wars conclusion, the Russians realized their single-shot rifles needed to be replaced. The hex receiver variation can be found on both M1891 and M91/30 Mosin Nagant rifle models. The Finnish Mosin Nagant Rifle-Carbine Production Information If it feels like the bolt or trigger seizes up or runs into any rough spots, that rifle likely wont be a good shooter due to poor tolerances or excessive wear. The Mosin Nagant: A Gun Made For Russia Tough and brutal. dated infantry rifles have been reported. The rifle featured a new heavy barrel. The Finnish cartridge 7.6253mmR is a slightly modified variation of the Russian 7.6254mmR, and is considered interchangeable with 54R. Izhevsk made M91/30 PU snipers in 1947 and a handful of 1946 dated infantry rifles have been reported. On the M28 the barrel band is a single piece, compared to the hinged band in M27. Most of the other countries have already liquidated their stocks of these surplus rifles. In some ways, the astronomical prices of Garands, Mausers, and Enfields generated an increased demand for WWII-era pieces by younger collectors.