Give the students time to complete the reading and to fill in the gerund and infinitive blanks. You can go to cinema when youve finished doing your homework. Here's my example. discussions questions (there are some below)). An infinitive is formed with "to" and the base form of the verb. What/you/would/like/avoid/do/this weekend? How to Use Gerunds & Infinitives in Everyday English But one month ago, his girlfriend told him __________ weight, so he decided __________ a gym. 4. A gerund phrase is a gerund plus another element such as an adverb, an adjective, or a noun. 1. Practice using gerunds and infinitives within the context of a reading activity, Practice speaking skills by discussing the world of video games. Be grateful. This week we will conclude our gerund and infinitives activities by practicing giving and receiving travel advice. For most players, video games are a fun hobby _______________ (enjoy) with friends. Luckily, his girlfriend agreed _________________ (help) him. Updated on May 16, 2019 Grammar. Answer Key . She saw him pass by McDonalds, but then he stopped _________. Thank you so much. Thank you very much for putting it together! He triedto stop, but he couldn't. The car keptsliding. 2. ), They do not appreciate my singing. Launch Tasks Open PDF Focus foundational reading grammar gerunds infinitives Watching a streamer can be a great way to learn about a new game or meet others who enjoy playing the same game. Sure, I was tall, but I couldn't compete! What was your first memory? Gerund Phrase - 9+ Examples, Format, Sample | Examples He was gaining weight.. Thanks for sharing. In this case you can see that it is a form and development of the verb 'to cycle.'. I've also included example sentences and practice questions for you. I plan to use all the activities. Sentence Fragments - Purdue OWL - Purdue University - Purdue Writing Lab We also acknowledge previous National Science Foundation support under grant numbers 1246120, 1525057, and 1413739. Begin this activity by asking the students if they play video games. How to convert a sequence of integers into a monomial. He stopped eating fast food and started buying more fruit and vegetables. Doctors use these blood samples to understand why a patient is ill. My job is to act in movies when a scene is too dangerous for a movie star. Next, have them share with a partner which job interests them and why. However, they would never consider starting from our house. Their job is to listen to the question and indicate if it's correct or incorrect. Why? A streamers job is to play video games online and broadcast the gameplay on his or her channel for others to watch. Different languages have different gramatical forms. For some people, writing a paragraph may be pretty easy, but for some, it is also pretty . They answer comprehension questions and write sentences about themselves using gerunds and infinitives. After students have had the opportunity to do their research homework, begin the class by having students present their homework. This question appears to be off-topic because it is based on a non-existent rule of grammar. Gerunds and gerund phrases as a subject A subject of a sentence shows who or what the sentence is about or refers to the person or thing performing the action (verb) in a sentence. a. True, some nouns are gerunds and some are not, but, for all practical purposes this makes no difference whatsoever to English grammar usage. Her mother/suggest/go/to Canada. How to Teach Gerunds - Synonym Middle school students begin to learn more about grammar and complex sentence structure in the eighth grade when they are introduced to verbals, which include participles, infinitives and gerunds. Maybe it's leading to more passive voice and the criticism is that? (tell) 2. The materials collected here do not express the views of, or positions held by, Purdue University. He decided _________________ (go) on a diet. The Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs, U.S. Department of State, manages this site. Many streamers need to broadcast up to eight hours a day to keep people watching their channel. Is it correct to start a sentence with "with" in English? Gerunds and gerund phrases virtually never require punctuation. Practice speaking skills by discussing interesting jobs and skills needed for those jobs, Activity Part One: Job description jumble. Luckily, his girlfriend agreed to help him. It's important to listen during an interview. Choose one that suits your level and give it a shot with yourstudents. A gerund is a verbal that ends in -ing and functions as a noun. Online Professional English Network (OPEN), Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs, Under Secretary for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs, Teacher: whiteboard or chalkboard, markers or chalk, a timing device, Students: pencils or pens, notebooks or writing paper, recording devices (optional). I suggested joining a gym. Other video gamers have turned their hobby into a career as streamers, and many former professional gamers switch from competition to streaming video games. Expressing Possession of Gerunds - The Blue Book of Grammar and Punctuation Great ideas! (start) 4. A few weeks passed. Running is Olivia's favorite activity. What did you think of this article? I intend to create an English club at school to practice my speaking with friends. In the beginning, it was difficult to go regularly. My back was facing the basket, so I had to turn to shoot the ball. The best players in the world need to practice up to 50 hours a week, and many players retire, or stop playing, around the age of 25, when they are considered too old to stay competitive. In this part of the activity, students will match job descriptions to the job titles. Print out copies of the Unique Jobs cards in Appendix 1. The point would be, What made you think a sentence cannot start with a gerund? In this lesson, students read two stories that use gerunds and infinitives in context. Im going to try it at the lesson tomorrow. My favorite pastime is reading books quietly Teacher's Corner: Gerunds and Infinitives | American English Privacy policy. Note for Purdue Students: Schedule a consultation at the on-campus writing lab to get more in-depth writing help from one of our tutors. The three verbals gerunds, infinitives, and participlesare formed from verbs, but are never used alone as action words in sentences.Instead, verbals function as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs. Like a noun, a gerund can be the subject or subject complement of a sentence, the object of a verb, or the object of a preposition Study these sentences. Two ways video games are becoming a profession are through competitive sport or by live-streaming video games over the Internet. 1. However, we kept __________ until we ran out of money. This material may not be published, reproduced, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without permission. Your email address will not be published. My friend Bernardo liked to eat McDonald's hamburgers. He tried to push her away, but he accidentally hit her in the face. Fragments are incomplete sentences. (correct), What age is too soon having children? Conclude this portion of the activity by having students share the information they learned about the country they most want to visit. Alternative to beginning a sentence with "this"? (I stopped verb+ing), What's an experience that you were happy to share with someone? 6. Naturally, she got angry. 3. So after arriving in Honolulu, his family had to stop _____________ some clothes for him. The verb is "is." Bernardo lovestraveling. 7. Everyday Grammar: Gerunds and Infinitives - VOA It may seem easy to broadcast yourself playing games on the internet, but the life of a streamer can be difficult. tnq very much for the stories they helped me very much. alcohol misuse, domestic violence. Identify the gerunds and infinitives in the second paragraph, The first paragraph uses second person (you) It uses one modal, "should," and the imperative voice. A gerund is a noun made from a verb root plus ing (a present participle). 2. You should make a list of good things. Beautiful. Consult the lists below to find out which form to use following which verbs. c. Finally, have the students share their unique jobs with the class. Love that! It encourages people to take actions that make their dreams possible. One of the easiest ways to correct them is to remove the period between the fragment and the main clause. Activity Part One: Homework Travel Research. Practice speaking and listening skills offering travel advice on a particular country. and then answer it. A gerund phrase is a phrase consisting of a gerund and any modifiers or objects associated with it. Have you started _________________ (do) anything new recently? She promised _________________ (make) him a lot of healthy food, and she did. In the end, he had a great trip. Give them the example of "I want to go" vs. "I enjoy going". 3. We're. As students share their answers in pairs or small groups to the question, write on the board the following: What do you do now that keeps you from doing it? Similar to these examples: Watching television is my favorite to-do on a Saturday night. For English Language Teachers Around the World, Teacher's Corner: Gerunds and Infinitives. (The gerund is, My cat's favorite food is salmon. Gerunds and Infinitives - Doing What Noun Phrases Do Here is a brief review of the differences between gerunds and infinitives. For the gerund and infinitive exercises below you have to decide if you need the gerund: verb + ing e.g. Checks and balances in a 3 branch market economy, Word order in a sentence with two clauses. English has no such rule regarding gerunds. These verbals are important in phrases. However, since a gerund functions as a noun, it occupies some positions in a sentence that a noun ordinarily would, for example: subject, direct object, subject complement, and object of preposition. Commit acts of kindness. Most people don't usually speak that way and it may come across as trying to much. He liked skiing.. Give each student in group B one job description card. (correct). Was it helpful and informative? (Note to teachers: Delete the questions that you haven't studied if you feel it will confuse your students). What habit do you have that you'd like to stop _________________ (do) ? Finally, when they got inside the airport, Bernardo realized that he had forgottento pack clothes. A streamer earns money through advertisements, so the more people who watch, the more money a streamer can earn from his or her channel. But in "I love reading" reading in this case is a noun, a gerund. (I remember verb+ing), What is something that you often think about? He began _____________ when he was a young child. What would you like to stop ___________ (do)? When we do something helpful for another person, we feel more satisfied with life. What job will they have? I expect to have the report done by Friday. Check the reading for vocabulary that may be unfamiliar to students. They both got kicked out of the restaurant. One month ago, my friend Bernardo decided _________________ (lose) some weight. Many streamers need _______________ (broadcast) up to eight hours a day _______________ (keep) people _______________ (watch) their channel. Usually, fragments are pieces of sentences that have become disconnected from the main clause. An optional approach is to have students form pairs or small groups and work together to fill out the information. rev2023.4.21.43403. When is it acceptable to start a sentence with an "-ing" word? Then each group can share their ideas with the class. 5. Thank you so much for your lesson plan and resources. S. Thank you so much. What do you hope to do next year? What in life do you prefer_________________(do) to sleeping? Note: Since these are unique jobs, many of the job titles may be unfamiliar to the students. Best wishes, Blandine. We are so grateful for your works. Im afraid I have to delay going on holiday because of my personal problems. Parallelism is crucial when writing about comparisons or using a point-counterpart format. Finally, when they got inside the airport, Bernardo realized that he had forgotten _____________ clothes. to swim For some, either the gerund or infinitive is possible. He stopped drinking his beer to answer the phone. e using infinitives and gerunds in the context of travel and learning about the world. English Language & Usage Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for linguists, etymologists, and serious English language enthusiasts. Like other forms of writing, paragraphs follow a standard three-part structure with a beginning, middle, and end. Among these are which verbs (and adjectives and adverbs) should be followed by a gerund, which by an infinitive, and which can be followed by either. The Group A students should answer the questions and provide the information they wrote down in the travel notes for homework. The difference in the form of gerunds and infinitives is quite clear just from comparing the following lists: Gerunds: swimming, hoping, telling, eating, dreaming. In order to boost happiness, there are five methods people can use. After a month, he had lost a few pounds. Now he exercises every day and he looks better. When I Was a Kid: A Story to Practice Gerunds and Infinitives, One of my favourite childhood memories was when our elementary school team played in the championship game. 1. The phrase will have singular agreement with a verb. The infinitive is the base form of a . I have highlighted the gerunds and infinitives so you can see how they are used in context. On the day he and his family were going to depart, there was a big snowstorm. Gerunds happen when you try to fancy up the prose or dialogue. Being married will not make me happy. Bernardo loves _____________. Can I general this code to draw a regular polyhedron. As students call out the answers, circle or underline the infinitive verbs in the sentences. For example, in "I was reading a book when you telephoned me" the main verb is was, and reading is the 'present participle' functioning as an auxiliary verb, NOT as a noun. His girlfriend called him when we were at the pub. Thanks a lot for sharing. This is a true story about me. What did you want to be when you were a kid? I tried out for the school team, but I quickly realized that most of the players were much faster and better than I was. Two ways video games are becoming a profession are through competitive sports or by live-streaming video games over the Internet. jabbering away to (gerund) 3. Have you decided _________________ (do) anything special this weekend? After the Group B students have visited several countries, have the groups switch roles. They answer comprehension questions and write sentences about themselves using gerunds and infinitives. A streamer earns money through advertisements, so the more people who watch, the more money a streamer can earn from his or her channel. Gerunds - Purdue OWL - Purdue University - Purdue Writing Lab Gerunds (pronounced jer-unds) are verbs that end in -ing but function as nouns. Whats also effective is that you are asking students to retell the story. He rememberedto bring his passport at least. Using the sentences on the board as an example, have the students write their own sentences about the unique job they find the most interesting. I practice the patterns in sentence form, but what I like is that you have a small story. Copyright 2022 by The On-Campus Writing Lab& The OWL at Purdueand Purdue University. My job is to study the formation and activity of volcanoes and their current and historic eruptions. Now they refuse _________ to each other. Infinitives: to swim, to hope, to tell, to eat, to dream. 2. My dream of being a basketball player ended in grade 9. Int. Once the students have matched the job descriptions to the job titles, have the pairs share their job titles and descriptions with the class. All at once, my teammates all ran towards me and jumped on top of me to celebrate. Then in the next class, have them present their sentences along with any additional information they learned about the job. The word gerund is a grammatical term derived from Latin gerundum, meaning 'that which is to be carried out.' When using WOOP, you think of a future wish, make an outcome to achieve, consider obstacles, and finally develop a plan to make your wish come true. The above information relates to the term gerund when used with reference to the English language. Improving the copy in the close modal and post notices - 2023 edition, New blog post from our CEO Prashanth: Community is the future of AI. You should do things that you are good at. What movies or TV shows do you recommend seeing? Count your blessings. Looking after many children keeps Susan busy. The gerund phrase functions as the direct object of the verb appreciate. Story #1: Verb + Gerund or Infinitive? It is a verbal noun; its functions in a sentence are the same as that of a noun. It really helped me. 6. Describe your favorite memory from your childhood. Gerunds & Infinitives - Meaning, Examples & Exercises - Ginger Software However, some video gamers have made their hobby into a career! Print out the WOOP Verbs and Adjectives List in Appendix 1, and make copies for each student. Read through all the materials carefully. this opportunity (direct object of action expressed in gerund). We were winning by 16 points, but the other team came back to make the game close. While students share their answers, check their matches for correctness. Finding (gerund) This page titled 3.1: Grammar: Using Gerunds and Infinitives for Sentence Variety is shared under a CC BY-NC-SA license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Sara Ferguson. Using these six sentences, write a paragraph using either a gerund or an infinitive where appropriate. A gerund virtually never requires any punctuation with it. After he finishes college, he wants to work as a geologist. Encourage students to use the verbs and adjectives in their sentences. Inform the students that today the class will learn about video games and e-sports through a reading activity. Example: Saving money helps protect against unexpected expenses. He hopes that he never stops _____________. (wrong in going), If you saw an accident at the side of the road, would you keep to drive? A 'gerund' is the name given to nouns ending with -ing. Use the chart in this chapter to decide if you should use a gerund or infinitive with each verb or phrase. He said that he didn't mean to hit her, but she started screaming. ESL Gerunds and Infinitives Game - Grammar, Writing and Listening: Gap-fill, Binary Choice, Writing Sentences, Guessing - Pre-intermediate (A2) - 40 minutes. In Spanish the term gerundio refers to the adverbial participle. The referee had blown the whistle because in addition to scoring the basket, I had been fouled by one of the other players. The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. I use a story (see samples below) as a springboard into my lesson. Gerund & Infinitive Stories Ellii (formerly ESL Library) It is a sentence that begins in the middle of a paragraph and I'm using it as a transition. (+ Cloze Paragraph) My friend Bernardo liked to eat McDonald's hamburgers. Third, it helps to be optimistic. 5. Have been looking for some vivid texts on gerund and infinitive to use in class. 2. Gerund phrases can be used as a subject in a sentence. A 'gerund' is the name given to nouns ending with -ing. (correct), When do you expect getting a job? Our confidence began to disappear. 5. The car kept _____________. a. Grammar can be very dry but partner activities liven things up a bit. I wasn't alone. They include the adjective + gerund & preposition + gerundpattern. Gerunds are formed by adding "ing" to a verb. Grades 6-12. You should do kind actions. I turned, jumped, and let the ball go as two defending players attempted to block me. All ages. Swimming is my favourite sport. There are cases that it really ruins a good text and shows poor writing skills. Or can I re-write the sentence like this: "Additionally, living in Costa Rica also gave me the opportunity to interact with the local population.". in a haystack (prepositional phrase as adverb). With a partner, look at the questions below (together). He hopes that he never stopstraveling. If you want to be happy, you should do five things. A: Do you enjoy to go to concerts? Having to get up early won't bother me at all. Beloware some short stories I have written with common verb + infinitive / verb + gerund collocations. 1. A gerund is a verbal ending in -ing that is used as a noun. I want to travel around the world, so it would be a great job for me. When printing this page, you must include the entire legal notice. Descriptive words and gerunds or present participles Have the students skim the reading for any unfamiliar vocabulary terms, and provide them time to ask about any new vocabulary words. An infinitive usually follows certain verbs in a sentence in this verb: Or a linking verb and an adjective in this pattern: Study the sentences below. Is it safe to publish research papers in cooperation with Russian academics? (correct), Are you interested to go to a ballet performance? So the key thing about English language is to use the right words in the right form and at the right time, regardless of the technical 'names' for the words. I have highlighted the gerunds and infinitives so you can see how they are used in context. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Once students have matched a job title to a description, they should stand together in a pair. After a month, he had lost a few pounds. Appendix 1: WOOP Verbs and Adjectives List. Gerund: In this sentence, the words singing and laughing function as nouns, making them gerunds. What is something fun that have you decided ___________ (do) recently? For example, 'I like reading', 'he likes cooking', etc. Such a creative idea you have on teaching this tough and theoretical lesson! One day, she followed him home from work. THANK YOU. grammar - Beginning a sentence with a gerund? - English Language Some rules in English just need to be memorized. 1. The subject in which the names are used in the sentence is used in the case of the object.
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